Swimming pools, theatres and cinemas were closed, and people avoided large gatherings. Outbreaks of polio usually occurred in summer, terrifying communities and causing public hysteria. This was despite the fact that by the 1950s, Australian governments knew that polio was faeces-borne.
Until the Whitlam government’s National Sewerage Program in the 1970s, hundreds of thousands of homes, poor and affluent alike, were not connected to sewers. In Australia at this time, inadequate sanitation and poor understanding of disease transmission meant that anyone could catch it, but the urban poor, rural communities with poor sanitation and children who put things in their mouths were at greater risk. It is contracted from water, food or objects that have been in contact with faeces or mucous of an infected person. In the early 20th century, suffering from polio was considered shameful and was associated with dirt and poverty. In America in the 1950s, polio killed or paralysed tens of thousands of people. Betwchildren contracted polio in Tasmania, second only to Iceland.įrom 1944 to 1954 polio was responsible for more than 1000 deaths in Australia. It became a notifiable disease in Tasmania in 1911 and in all remaining states by 1922. Polio was known in Australia by the late 1800s, but the worst epidemics took place in the 20th century. An additional cruelty of the disease is that about 40 per cent of patients who suffered paralytic polio in childhood can experience renewed paralysis as adults. More than 50 per cent of cases are children under three years old. The disease may infect thousands of people, depending on the level of sanitation, before the first case of polio paralysis emerges. During that time, polio can spread rapidly through a community. For several weeks they shed the virus in their faeces. Of those affected in this way, five to 10 per cent die.Īs most people infected with polio have no signs of illness, they remain unaware they have been infected. However, in about one per cent of those infected the virus spreads to the nervous system, causing paralysis, usually of the legs. It is highly contagious, but in the majority of cases polio has either no effect at all or, at worst, no more than flu-like symptoms. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.Poliomyelitis, or simply polio, is a sometimes fatal disease caused by a gastrointestinal virus that is spread through faeces and mucous, and ingested orally. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file.
Laid in america wikipedia software#
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Licensing Public domain Public domain false false Navy photo by Photographer’s Mate 2nd Class Michael Sandberg A normal copyright tag is still required. This tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. This image was released by the United States Navy with the ID 050514-N-4374S-096 (next). Navy photo by Photographer’s Mate 2nd Class Michael Sandberg (RELEASED) The conventionally-powered carrier, left active service in 1996.
Laid in america wikipedia series#
America was the target of a series of tests designed to test new defense and damage control systems for the CVN-21 program. English: Atlantic Ocean (May 14, 2005) – The decommissioned aircraft carrier, USS America (CV 66) was “laid to rest” after being sunk at sea.